Abstract Background Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) is a widely applied analytical method for the accurate determination of transcript abundance.Primers for QPCR have been designed on a genomic scale but non-specific amplification of non-target genes has frequently been a problem.Although several online databases have been created for
Abstract Background A platform trial approach allows adding arms to on-going trials to speed up intervention discovery programs.A control arm remains open for recruitment in a platform trial while intervention arms may be added after the onset of the study and could be terminated early for efficacy and/or futility when early stopping is allowed.The
Carbohydrates are commonly found in conjunction with lipids or proteins, resulting in the formation of glycoconjugates such as glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans.These glycoconjugates are essential in various biological activities, including inflammation, cell-cell recognition, bacterial infections, and immune response.Nonetheless, the i
We propose a novel explanation for bistable perception, namely, the collective dynamics of multiple neural populations that are individually meta-stable.Distributed representations of sensory input and of perceptual state build gradually through noise-driven transitions in these populations, until the competition between alternative representations
BackgroundPopulation size estimates (PSEs) for hidden populations at increased risk of HIV, including female sex workers (FSWs), are important to inform public health policy and resource allocation.The service multiplier method (SMM) is commonly used to estimate the sizes of hidden populations.We used this method to obtain PSEs for FSWs at 9 sites